Marcia, I'm afraid that you've quite forgotten about conspiracy to commit a crime being a crime in itself. It may not apply to a lone person, but it certainly applies to two and more. Planning a bank heist, for example, *is* a crime in itself, if it's more than one person that does the planning. If said plan, said *conspiracy* can be proven, then it's a crime in itself, seperate from the actual robbery.

Of course, it's only applicable if said robbery was stopped before it even happened. After it does, it's a robbery, and not a conspiracy to commit one.